موقعیت هندسی
شکلهای مهم هندسی
Coordination number | Geometry | Examples of discrete (finite) complex | Examples in crystals | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | linear | ![]() |
Ag(CN)2− in KAg(CN)2 [1] | Ag in سیانید نقره، Au in AuI [2] |
3 | trigonal planar | ![]() |
Cu(CN)32− in Na2Cu(CN)3.3H2O[2] | O in TiO2 rutile structure[1] |
4 | tetrahedral geometry | ![]() |
CoCl42−[2] | Zn and S in روی سولفید, Si in سیلیسیم دی اکسید[1] |
4 | square planar | ![]() |
AgF4−[2] | CuO[1] |
5 | trigonal bipyramidal | ![]() |
SnCl5−[1] | |
5 | square pyramidal | ![]() |
InCl52− in (NEt4)2InCl5[2] | |
6 | octahedral | ![]() |
Fe(H2O)62+[2] | Na and Cl in NaCl[1] |
6 | trigonal prismatic | ![]() |
Mo(SCHCHS)3[1] | As in NiAs, Mo in MoS2[1] |
7 | pentagonal bipyramidal | ![]() |
ZrF73− in (NH4)3ZrF7[1] | Pa in PaCl5 |
7 | face capped octahedral | ![]() |
[HoIII(PhCOCHCOPh)3(H2O)][3] | La in A-La2O3 |
7 | trigonal prismatic، square face monocapped | ![]() |
TaF72− in K2TaF7[1] | |
8 | cubic | سزیم کلرید, کلسیم فلوئورید | ||
8 | square antiprism | ![]() |
TaF83− in Na3TaF8[1] | یدید توریم(IV)[1] |
8 | dodecahedral (note whilst this is term generally used the correct term is bisdisphenoid[1] or snub disphenoid as this polyhedron is a deltahedron) |
![]() |
Mo(CN)84− in K4[Mo(CN)8].2H2O[1] | Zr in K2ZrF6[1] |
8 | hexagonal bipyramidal | ![]() |
N in Li3N[1] | |
8 | octahedral, trans-bicapped | Ni in نیکلین, NiAs; 6 As neighbours + 2 Ni capping[4] | ||
8 | trigonal prismatic، triangular face bicapped | Ca in CaFe2O4[1] | ||
8 | trigonal prismatic، square face bicapped | PuBr3[1] | ||
9 | trigonal prismatic، square face tricapped | ![]() |
[ReH9]2− in پتاسیم نوناهیدریدورنات[2] | SrCl2.6H2O، Th in RbTh3F13[1] |
9 | monocapped square antiprismatic | ![]() |
[Th(tropolonate)4(H2O)][2] | La in LaTe2[1] |
10 | bicapped square antiprismatic | Th(C2O4)42− [2] | ||
11 | Th in [ThIV(NO3)4(H2O)3] (NO3− is bidentate) [2] | |||
12 | icosahedron | ![]() |
Th in Th(NO3)62− ion in Mg[Th(NO3)6].8H2O [1] | |
12 | cuboctahedron | ![]() |
ZrIV(η3−(BH4)4) | atoms in fcc metals e.g. Ca[1] |
12 | anticuboctahedron، triangular orthobicupola | ![]() |
atoms in hcp metals e.g. Sc [1] | |
14 | bicapped hexagonal antiprismatic | U(BH4)4[2] |
منابع
- Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
- Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419.
- Crystal and molecular structure of the heptacoordinate complex tris(diphenylpropanedionato)aquoholmium, Ho(PhCOCHCOPh)3.H2O, Zalkin A., Templeton D.H., Karraker D.G, Inorganic chemistry, 1969, 8, 12,2680 - 2684; doi:10.1021/ic50082a029
- David G. Pettifor, Bonding and Structure of Molecules and Solids, 1995, Oxford University Press,ISBN 0-19-851786-6
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