جنگ داخلی فنلاند

Finnish Civil War
	بخشی از جنگ جهانی اول
	; تامپره's civilian buildings destroyed in the civil war.
تاریخ	27 January – 15 May 1918; (۳ ماه، ۲ هفته و ۴ روز)
مکان	فنلاند
نتیجه	Victory of the White Senate of Finland Russian military presence ceased; German hegemony until 11 November 1918;
طرفین درگیر
White Finland White Guards; "Jäger" movement; امپراطوری آلمان; سوئد, استونی[1] و لهستان volunteers	Red Finland Red Guards; جمهوری شوروی فدراتیو سوسیالیستی روسیه
فرماندهان و رهبران
کارل گوستاف امیل مانرهایم; Ernst Linder; Ernst Löfström; Martin Wetzer; Karl Wilkman; Rüdiger von der Goltz; Hans von Tschirsky und von Bögendorff; Karl Wolff; Otto von Brandenstein; Hugo Meurer; Hjalmar Frisell, Swe.; Harald Hjalmarson, Swe.; Hans Kalm, Est.; Stanislaw Prus-Boguslawski, Pol.	Ali Aaltonen; Eero Haapalainen; Eino Rahja; Adolf Taimi; Evert Eloranta; Kullervo Manner; Hugo Salmela; Heikki Kaljunen; Fredrik Johansson; Verner Lehtimäki; Konstantin Yeremejev; Mikhail Svechnikov; Georgij Bulatsel
قوا
80,000–90,000 Finns; 14,000 Imperial German Army soldiers; 1,000 Swedish volunteers[2]; 1,737 Poles from the Polish Legion[3]	80,000–90,000 Finns; 7,000–10,000 soldiers of the former Russian Imperial Army[2]
تلفات
Whites; 3,000-3,500 killed in action; 1,650 executed; 46 missing; 4 dead in prison camps; Swedes; 55 killed in action; Germans; 450–500 killed in action[4]; Total; 5,300–5,600 casualties	Reds; 4,500-5,500 killed in action; 10,000 executed; 2,000 missing; 11,000–13,500 dead in prison camps; Russians; 800-1,000 killed in action; 1,500-1,800 executed[4]; Total; 27,400–33,100 casualties

جنگ داخلی فنلاند بخشی از آشفتگی ملی، سیاسی و اجتماعی ناشی از جنگ جهانی اول (۱۹۱۴-۱۹۱۸) در اروپا بود.[5]

منابع

Ylikangas 1993a, pp. 55–63
Arimo 1991, pp. 19–24, Manninen & 1993ab, pp. 44–73, 96–177, Upton 1981, pp. 107, 267–273, 377–391
Muilu 2010, pp. 87–90
Eerola & Eerola 1998, Paavolainen & 1966, 1967, 1971, Upton 1981, pp. 191–200, 453–460, Roselius 2004, pp. 165–176, Westerlund & Kalleinen 2004, pp. 267–271, Westerlund 2004a, pp. 53–72, Tikka 2014, pp. 90–118
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War

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[1] Ylikangas 1993a, pp. 55–63

[Strength-2] Arimo 1991, pp. 19–24, Manninen & 1993ab, pp. 44–73, 96–177, Upton 1981, pp. 107, 267–273, 377–391

[3] Muilu 2010, pp. 87–90

[Casualties-4] Eerola & Eerola 1998, Paavolainen & 1966, 1967, 1971, Upton 1981, pp. 191–200, 453–460, Roselius 2004, pp. 165–176, Westerlund & Kalleinen 2004, pp. 267–271, Westerlund 2004a, pp. 53–72, Tikka 2014, pp. 90–118

[5] ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War